VICI PROPERTIES INC. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Form 10-Q)
The following discussion and analysis of the financial position and operating results ofVICI Properties Inc. andVICI Properties L.P. for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 should be read in conjunction with the Financial Statements and related notes thereto and other financial information contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 , which, in the case of VICI Properties Inc., were included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 202 1 and in the case of VICI Properties L.P. were included as an exhibit to Form 8-K file d on
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements such as "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "plan," "project," "target," "can," "could," "may," "should," "will," "would" or similar expressions, which constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of federal securities law. Forward-looking statements are based on our current plans, expectations and projections about future events. We therefore caution you therefore against relying on any of these forward-looking statements. They give our expectations about the future and are not guarantees. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance and achievements to materially differ from any future results, performance and achievements expressed in or implied by such forward-looking statements. Currently, one of the most significant factors that could cause actual outcomes to differ materially from our forward-looking statements is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our and our tenants' financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and performance. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic continues to adversely affect our tenants, and ultimately impacts our business and financial condition, depends on future developments which cannot be predicted with confidence, including the impact of the actions taken to contain the pandemic or mitigate its impact, including the availability, distribution, public acceptance and efficacy of approved vaccines, new or mutated variants of COVID-19 (including vaccine-resistant variants) or a similar virus, the direct and indirect economic effects of the pandemic and containment measures on our tenants, the ability of our tenants to successfully operate their businesses, including the costs of complying with regulatory requirements necessary to keep their respective facilities open, such as reduced capacity requirements, the need to close any of the facilities as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the effects of the negotiated capital expenditure reductions and other amendments to the Lease Agreements that we agreed to with certain tenants in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Each of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our tenants' ability to satisfy their obligations under their Lease Agreements with us, including their continued ability to pay rent in a timely manner, or at all, and/or to fund capital expenditures or make other payments required under their leases. Investors are cautioned to interpret many of the risks identified under the section entitled "Risk Factors" in our
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
The forward-looking statements included herein are based upon our current expectations, plans, estimates, assumptions and beliefs that involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Assumptions relating to the foregoing involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, our actual results, performance and achievements could differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements and may be affected by a variety of risks and other factors, including, among others: risks associated with the MGP Transactions, including our ability or failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the MGP Transactions; the impact of changes in general economic conditions and market developments, including rising inflation, consumer confidence, supply chain disruptions, unemployment levels and depressed real estate prices resulting from the severity and duration of any downturn in theU.S. or global economy; our dependence on our tenants as tenants of our properties and their guarantors as guarantors of the lease payments and the negative consequences any material adverse effect on their respective businesses could have on us; the anticipated benefits of thePartner Property Growth Fund ; our borrowers' ability to repay their outstanding loan obligations to us; our dependence on the gaming industry; our ability to pursue our business and growth strategies may be limited by our substantial debt service requirements and by the requirement that we distribute 90% of our REIT taxable income in order to qualify for taxation as a REIT and that we distribute 100% of our REIT taxable income in order to avoid current entity-levelU.S. federal income taxes; our inability to maintain our 51 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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qualification for taxation as a REIT; the impact of extensive regulation from gaming and other regulatory authorities; the ability of our tenants to obtain and maintain regulatory approvals in connection with the operation of our properties, or the imposition of conditions to such regulatory approvals; the possibility that our tenants may choose not to renew the Lease Agreements following the initial or subsequent terms of the leases; restrictions on our ability to sell our properties subject to the Lease Agreements; our tenants and any guarantors' historical results may not be a reliable indicator of their future results; our substantial amount of indebtedness, including indebtedness assumed and incurred by us in connection with the completion of the MGP Transactions, and ability to service, refinance and otherwise fulfill our obligations under such indebtedness; our historical financial information may not be reliable indicators of our future results of operations, financial condition and cash flows; the impact of a rise in interest rates which have begun increasing from historic lows, on us; our inability to successfully pursue investments in, and acquisitions of, additional properties; the possibility that we identify significant environmental, tax, legal or other issues that materially and adversely impact the value of assets acquired or secured as collateral (or other benefits we expect to receive) in any of our recently completed transactions; the effects of our recently completed transactions on us, including the future impact on our financial condition, financial and operating results, cash flows, strategy and plans; the impact of changes to theU.S. federal income tax laws; the impact and outcome of previous and potential future litigation relating to the MGP Transactions; the possibility of adverse tax consequences as a result of our recently completed transactions; increased volatility in our stock price as a result of our recently completed transactions; the impact of climate change, natural disasters, war, political and public health conditions or uncertainty or civil unrest, violence or terrorist activities or threats on our properties and changes in economic conditions or heightened travel security and health measures instituted in response to these events; the loss of the services of key personnel; the inability to attract, retain and motivate employees; the costs and liabilities associated with environmental compliance; failure to establish and maintain an effective system of integrated internal controls; VICI's reliance on distributions received fromVICI LP to make distributions to our stockholders; the potential impact on the amount of our cash distributions if we were to sell any of our properties in the future; our ability to continue to make distributions to holders of our common stock or maintain anticipated levels of distributions over time; competition for transaction opportunities, including from other REITs, investment companies, private equity firms and hedge funds, sovereign funds, lenders, gaming companies and other investors that may have greater resources and access to capital and a lower cost of capital or different investment parameters than us; and additional factors discussed herein and listed from time to time as "Risk Factors" in our filings with theSEC , including without limitation, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K. Any of the assumptions underlying forward-looking statements could be inaccurate. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the risk that actual results, performance and achievements will differ materially from the expectations expressed herein will increase with the passage of time. Except as otherwise required by the Federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or any other reason. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in forward-looking statements, the inclusion of such forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by us.
PREVIEW
We are an owner and acquirer of experiential real estate assets across leading gaming, hospitality, entertainment and leisure destinations. Following the closing of the MGP Transactions onApril 29, 2022 , our national, geographically diverse portfolio currently consists of 43 market leading properties, including Caesars Palace Las Vegas, Harrah'sLas Vegas , theVenetian Resort ,Mandalay Bay andMGM Grand , five of the most iconic entertainment facilities on theLas Vegas Strip. Our entertainment facilities are leased to leading brands that seek to drive consumer loyalty and value with guests through superior services, experiences, products and continuous innovation. Across over 122 million square feet, our well-maintained properties are currently located across urban, destination and drive-to markets in fifteen states, contain approximately 58,700 hotel rooms and feature over 450 restaurants, bars, nightclubs, and sportsbooks. Our portfolio also includes four real estate debt investments that we have originated for strategic reasons in connection with transactions that may provide the potential to convert our investment into the ownership of certain of the underlying real estate in the future. In addition, we own approximately 34 acres of undeveloped or underdeveloped land on and adjacent to theLas Vegas Strip that is leased to Caesars, which we may look to monetize as appropriate. VICI also owns and operates four championship golf courses located near certain of our properties, two of which are in close proximity to the Las Vegas Strip. We lease our properties to subsidiaries of, or entities managed by, Caesars,MGM ,Apollo, Penn National,Seminole Hard Rock , Century Casinos,JACK Entertainment and EBCI, with Caesars andMGM being our largest tenants. We believe we have a mutually beneficial relationship with each of our tenants, all of which are leading owners and operators of gaming, entertainment and leisure properties. Our long-term triple-net Lease Agreements with our tenants provide us with a highly 52 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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predictable revenue stream with embedded growth potential. We believe our geographic diversification limits the effect of changes in any one market on our overall performance. We are focused on driving long-term total returns through managing experiential asset growth and allocating capital diligently, maintaining a highly productive tenant base, and optimizing our capital structure to support external growth. As a growth focused public real estate investment trust with long-term investments, we expect our relationship with our partners will position us for the acquisition of additional properties across leisure and hospitality over the long-term. Despite the ongoing uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, we continue to evaluate and opportunistically pursue accretive acquisitions or investments that arise in the market. Our portfolio is competitively positioned and well-maintained. Pursuant to the terms of the Lease Agreements, which require our tenants to invest in our properties, and in line with our tenants' commitment to build guest loyalty, we anticipate our tenants will continue to make strategic value-enhancing investments in our properties over time, helping to maintain their competitive position. In addition, given our scale and deep industry knowledge, we believe we are well-positioned to execute highly complementary single-asset and portfolio acquisitions, as well as other investments, to augment growth as market conditions allow, with a focus on disciplined capital allocation. We conduct our operations as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") forU.S. federal income tax purposes. We generally will not be subject toU.S. federal income taxes on our taxable income to the extent that we annually distribute all of our net taxable income to stockholders and maintain our qualification as a REIT. We believe our election of REIT status, combined with the income generation from the Lease Agreements, will enhance our ability to make distributions to our stockholders, providing investors with current income as well as long-term growth, subject to the macroeconomic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and market conditions more broadly. We conduct our real property business through VICI OP and our golf course business through a taxable REIT subsidiary (a "TRS"), VICI Golf. The financial information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is our consolidated results (including the real property business and the golf course business) for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 .
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our activities
Since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, among the broader public health, societal and global impacts, the pandemic has resulted in governmental and/or regulatory actions imposing, among other things, temporary closures or restrictions from time to time on our tenants' operations at our properties and our golf course operations. Although all of our leased properties and our golf courses are currently open and operating, without restriction in some jurisdictions, they remain subject to any current or future operating limitations, restrictions or closures imposed by governmental and/or regulatory authorities. While our tenants' recent performance at many of our leased properties has been at or above pre-pandemic levels, our tenants may continue to face additional challenges and uncertainty due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, such as complying with operational and capacity restrictions and ensuring sufficient employee staffing and service levels, and the sustainability of maintaining improved operating margins and financial performance. Due to prior closures, operating restrictions and other factors, our tenants' operations, liquidity and financial performance have been adversely affected, and the ongoing nature of the pandemic, including emerging variants, may further adversely affect our tenants' businesses and, accordingly, our business and financial performance could be adversely affected in the future. All of our tenants have fulfilled their rent obligations throughApril 2022 and we regularly engage with our tenants in connection with their business performance, operations, liquidity and financial results. As a triple-net lessor, we believe we are generally in a strong creditor position and structurally insulated from operational and performance impacts of our tenants, both positive and negative. However, the full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic continues to adversely affect our tenants, and ultimately impacts us, depends on future developments which cannot be predicted with confidence, including the actions taken to contain the pandemic or mitigate its impact, including the availability, distribution, public acceptance and efficacy of approved vaccines, new or mutated variants of COVID-19 (including vaccine-resistant variants) or a similar virus, the direct and indirect economic effects of the pandemic and containment measures on our tenants, our tenants' financial performance and any future operating limitations or closures. For more information, refer to the section entitled "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 202 1 and as updated from time to time in our other filings with theSEC . 53 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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SIGNIFICANT ACTIVITIES IN 2022
Acquisition and investment activity
•MGP Transactions. OnApril 29, 2022 , we closed on the previously announced MGP Transactions governed by the MGP Master Transaction Agreement, pursuant to which we acquired MGP for total consideration of$17.2 billion , inclusive of the assumption of approximately$5.7 billion of debt. Upon closing, the MGP Transactions added$1,012.2 million of annualized rent to our portfolio from 15 Class A entertainment casino resort properties spread across nine regions and comprising 36,000 hotel rooms, 3.6 million square feet of meeting and convention space and hundreds of food, beverage and entertainment venues. Under the terms of the MGP Master Transaction Agreement, holders of MGP Common Shares received 1.366 shares of our newly issued common stock in exchange for each Class A common share of MGP. The fixed Exchange Ratio represented an agreed upon price of$43.00 per share of MGP Class A common shares based on VICI's trailing 5-day volume weighted average price of$31.47 as ofJuly 30, 2021 .MGM received$43.00 per unit in cash for the redemption of the majority of its MGP OP units that it holds for total cash consideration of approximately$4.404 billion and also retained approximately 12.2 million units in VICI OP. The MGP Class B share that was held byMGM was cancelled and ceased to exist. Simultaneous with the closing of the Mergers onApril 29, 2022 , we entered into theMGM Master Lease . TheMGM Master Lease has an initial term of 25 years, with three 10-year tenant renewal options and has an initial total annual rent of$860.0 million . Rent under theMGM Master Lease escalates at a rate of 2.0% per annum for the first 10 years and thereafter at the greater of 2.0% per annum or the increase in the consumer price index ("CPI"), subject to a 3.0% cap. The initial total annual rent under theMGM Master Lease will be reduced by$90.0 million to$770.0 million , upon the close ofMGM's pending sale of the operations of the Mirage to Hard Rock and entrance into the Mirage Lease, as further described below. Additionally, we retained MGP's existing 50.1% ownership stake in the BREIT JV, which owns the real estate assets ofMGM Grand Las Vegas andMandalay Bay . The BREIT JV Lease remained unchanged and provides for current total annual base rent of approximately$303.8 million , of which approximately$152.2 million is attributable to MGP's investment in the BREIT JV, and an initial term of thirty years with two 10-year tenant renewal options. Rent under the BREIT JV Lease escalates at a rate of 2.0% per annum for the first fifteen years and thereafter at the greater of 2.0% per annum or CPI, subject to a 3.0% cap. The tenant's obligations under theMGM Master Lease and the BREIT JV Lease continue to be guaranteed byMGM . •BigShots Loan. Subsequent to quarter end, onApril 7, 2022 , we entered into the BigShots Loan with BigShots Golf, a subsidiary of ClubCorp, anApollo fund portfolio company, under which we agreed to provide up to$80.0 million of mortgage financing ("BigShots Loan") for the construction of certain new BigShots Golf facilities throughoutthe United States . The BigShots Loan bears interest at a rate of 10.0% per annum and has an initial term of five years with two successive 12-month extension options, subject to certain conditions. Our commitment to fund the loan will be subject to customary terms and conditions and disbursement of funds to the borrower will be based upon construction of the applicable BigShots Golf facilities. In addition, we entered into a right of first offer and call right agreement, pursuant to which (i) we have a call right to acquire the real estate assets associated with any BigShots Golf facility financed by us, which transaction will be structured as a sale leaseback, and (ii) for so long as the BigShots Loan remains outstanding and we continue to hold a majority interest therein, subject to additional terms and conditions, we will have a right of first offer on any multi-site mortgage, mezzanine, preferred equity, or other similar financing that is treated as debt to be obtained by BigShots Golf (or any of its affiliates) in connection with the development of BigShots Golf facilities. •Venetian Acquisition. OnFebruary 23, 2022 , we closed on the previously announced transaction to acquire all of the land and real estate assets associated with theVenetian Resort from LVS for$4.0 billion in cash, and the Venetian Tenant acquired the operating assets of theVenetian Resort for$2.25 billion , of which$1.2 billion is in the form of a secured term loan from LVS and the remainder was paid in cash. We funded the Venetian Acquisition with (i)$3.2 billion in net proceeds from the physical settlement of theMarch 2021 Forward Sale Agreements and theSeptember 2021 Forward Sale Agreements, (ii) an initial draw on the Revolving Credit Facility of$600.0 million , and (iii) cash on hand. Simultaneous with the closing of the Venetian Acquisition, we entered into the Venetian Lease with the Venetian Tenant. The Venetian Lease has an initial total annual rent of$250.0 million and an initial term of 30 years, with two ten-year tenant renewal options. The annual rent is subject to escalation equal to the greater of 2.0% and the increase in the CPI, capped at 3.0%, beginning in the earlier of (i) the beginning of the third lease year, and (ii) the month following the month in which the net revenue generated by theVenetian Resort returns to its 2019 level (the year immediately prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic) on a trailing twelve-month basis. 54 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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In connection with the Venetian Acquisition, we entered into the Venetian PGFA with the Venetian Tenant. Under the Venetian PGFA, we agreed to provide up to$1.0 billion for various development and construction projects affecting theVenetian Resort to be identified by the Venetian Tenant and that satisfy certain criteria more particularly set forth in the Venetian PGFA, in consideration of additional incremental rent to be paid by the Venetian Tenant under the Venetian Lease and calculated in accordance with a formula set forth in the Venetian PGFA. In addition, LVS agreed with the Venetian Tenant pursuant to the Contingent Lease Support Agreement entered into simultaneously with the closing of the Venetian Acquisition to provide lease payment support designed to guarantee the Venetian Tenant's rent obligations under the Venetian Lease through 2023, subject to early termination if EBITDAR (as defined in such agreement) generated by theVenetian Resort in 2022 equals or exceeds$550.0 million , or a tenant change of control occurs. We are a third-party beneficiary of the Contingent Lease Support Agreement and have certain enforcement rights pursuant thereto. The Contingent Lease Support Agreement is limited to coverage of the Venetian Tenant's rent obligations and does not cover any environmental expenses, litigation claims, or any cure or enforcement costs. The obligations of the Venetian Tenant under the Venetian Lease are not guaranteed byApollo or any of its affiliates. After the termination of the Contingent Lease Support Agreement, the Venetian Tenant will be required to provide a letter of credit to secure seven and one-half months of the rent, real estate taxes and assessments and insurance obligations of the Venetian Tenant if the operating results from theVenetian Resort do not exceed certain thresholds.
Financing and capital markets activity
•Issuance of Exchange Notes. Subsequent to quarter-end, in connection with the closing of the MGP Transactions onApril 29, 2022 , the VICI Issuers issued$4,110.0 million in aggregate principal amount of Exchange Notes in exchange for the validly tendered and not validly withdrawn MGP OP Notes pursuant to the settlement of the Exchange Offers and Consent Solicitations (each, as defined in Note 3 - Property Transactions ). The Exchange Notes were issued with the same interest rate, maturity date and redemption terms as the corresponding series of MGP OP Notes. Following the issuance of the Exchange Notes pursuant to the settlement of the Exchange Offers and Consent Solicitations,$90.0 million in aggregate principal amount of MGP OP Notes remained outstanding. See Note 7 - Debt for additional information. •Issuance ofApril 2022 Notes. Subsequent to quarter-end, in connection with the closing of the MGP Transactions onApril 29, 2022 ,VICI LP issued (i)$500.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.375% 2025 Notes, (ii)$1,250.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.750% 2028 Notes, (iii)$1,000.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.950% 2030 Notes, (iv)$1,500.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.125% 2032 Notes, and (v)$750.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.625% 2052 Notes, in each case under a supplemental indenture dated as ofApril 29, 2022 , betweenVICI LP and the Trustee (as defined in Note 7 - Debt ). We used the net proceeds of the offering to (i) fund the consideration for the redemption of a majority of the VICI OP Units received byMGM in the Partnership Merger for$4,404.0 million in cash in connection with the closing of the MGP Transactions onApril 29, 2022 , and (ii) pay down the outstanding$600.0 million balance on our Revolving Credit Facility. The weighted average interest rate for the senior notes issued in theApril 2022 Notes Offering is 5.00%, and the adjusted weighted average interest rate, after taking into account the impact of the forward starting interest rate swaps and treasury locks, is 4.51%. •Settlement ofSeptember 2021 Forward Sale Agreements andMarch 2021 Forward Sale Agreements. OnFebruary 18, 2022 , we physically settled theSeptember 2021 Forward Sale Agreements and theMarch 2021 Forward Sale Agreements in exchange for total net proceeds of approximately$3.2 billion , which were used to pay for a portion of the purchase price of the Venetian Acquisition. •Entry into New Unsecured Credit Agreement. OnFebruary 8, 2022 , we entered into the Credit Facilities pursuant to the Credit Agreement, comprised of (i) the Revolving Credit Facility in the amount of$2.5 billion scheduled to mature onMarch 31, 2026 and (ii) the Delayed Draw Term Loan in the amount of$1.0 billion scheduled to mature onMarch 31, 2025 . Concurrently, we terminated our Secured Revolving Credit Facility (including the first priority lien on substantially all of VICI PropCo's and its existing and subsequently acquired wholly owned material domestic restricted subsidiaries' material assets) and 2017 Credit Agreement (as defined in Note 7 - Debt ). The Credit Facilities include the option to increase the revolving loan commitments by up to$1.0 billion in the aggregate and increase the delayed draw term loan commitments or add one or more new tranches of term loans by up to$1.0 billion in the aggregate, in each case, to the extent that any one or more lenders (from the syndicate or otherwise) agree to provide such additional credit extensions. Borrowings under the Credit Facilities will bear interest, atVICI LP's option, (i) with respect to the Revolving Credit Facility, at a rate based on SOFR (including a credit spread adjustment) plus a margin ranging from 0.775% to 1.325% or a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.00% to 0.325%, in each case, with 55 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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the actual margin determined according toVICI LP's debt ratings, and (ii) with respect to the Delayed Draw Term Loan, at a rate based on SOFR (including a credit spread adjustment) plus a margin ranging from 0.85% to 1.60% or a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.00% to 0.60%, in each case, with the actual margin determined according toVICI LP's debt ratings. OnFebruary 18, 2022 , we drew on the Revolving Credit Facility in the amount of$600.0 million to fund a portion of the purchase price of the Venetian Acquisition. OnApril 29, 2022 we repaid the outstanding balance of the Revolving Credit Facility using the proceeds from theApril 2022 Notes and cash on hand. •Entry into Forward-Starting Interest Rate Swap Agreements andU.S. Treasury Rate Locks. FromDecember 2021 throughMarch 2022 , we entered into five forward-starting interest rate swap agreements with third-party financial institution having an aggregate notional amount of$2,500.0 million . Additionally, inApril 2022 , we entered into twoU.S. Treasury Rate Lock agreements with a notional amount of$500.0 million . The interest rate swap agreements and treasury locks were intended to reduce the variability in the forecasted interest expense related to the fixed-rate debt we expected to incur in connection with closing the MGP Transactions. Subsequent to quarter-end, in connection with theApril 2022 Notes offering we settled the outstanding forward-starting interest rate swaps and treasury locks for net proceeds of$206.8 million . Since the forward-starting swaps and treasury locks were hedging the interest rate risk on theApril 2022 Notes, the unrealized gain in Accumulated other comprehensive income will be amortized over the term of the respective derivative instruments, which matches that of the underlying note, as a reduction in interest expense.
CURRENT ACTIVITY
•Mirage Severance Lease. OnDecember 13, 2021 , in connection withMGM's agreement to sell the operations of theMirage Hotel & Casino to Hard Rock, we agreed to enter into the Mirage Lease, and enter into an amendment to theMGM Master Lease relating to the sale of the Mirage. The Mirage Lease will have initial annual base rent of$90.0 million with other economic terms substantially similar to theMGM Master Lease , including a base term of 25 years with three 10-year tenant renewal options, escalation of 2.0% per annum (with escalation of the greater of 2.0% and CPI, capped at 3.0%, beginning in lease year 11) and minimum capital expenditure requirements of 1.0% of annual net revenue. Upon the closing of the sale of the Mirage, theMGM Master Lease will be amended to account forMGM's divestiture of the Mirage operations and will result in a reduction of the initial annual base rent under theMGM Master Lease by$90.0 million . We expect these transactions to be completed in the second half of 2022, and they remain subject to customary closing conditions and regulatory approvals. Additionally, subject to certain conditions, we may fund up to$1.5 billion of Hard Rock's redevelopment plan for the Mirage through ourPartner Property Growth Fund if Hard Rock elects to seek third-party financing for such redevelopment. Specific terms of the redevelopment and related funding remain under discussion and subject to final documentation. 56 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The results of operations discussion ofVICI and VICI LP are presented combined as there are no material differences between the two reporting entities. Further, Golf revenues and Golf expenses, which are wholly attributable to VICI, are shown as separate line items in the Statement of Operations of VICI.
segments
Our real property business and our golf course business represent our two
reportable segments. The real property business segment consists of leased real
property and loan investments and represents the substantial majority of our
business. The golf course business segment, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary
of VICI, consists of four golf courses, with each being operating segments that
are aggregated into one reportable segment. The results of each reportable
segment presented below are consistent with the way our management assesses
these results and allocates resources.
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands) 2022 2021 Variance
Revenues
Income from sales-type leases $ 326,735
Income from lease financing receivables and loans 72,878 70,377 2,501 Other income 8,386 6,974 1,412 Golf revenues 8,626 6,813 1,813 Total revenues 416,625 374,310 42,315 Operating expenses General and administrative 9,466 8,085 1,381 Depreciation 776 792 (16) Other expenses 8,386 6,974 1,412 Golf expenses 5,285 4,506 779 Change in allowance for credit losses 80,820 (4,380) 85,200 Transaction and acquisition expenses 755 8,721 (7,966) Total operating expenses 105,488 24,698 80,790 Interest expense (68,142) (77,048) 8,906 Interest income 93 19 74 Income before income taxes 243,088 272,583 (29,495) Income tax expense (400) (484) 84 Net income 242,688 272,099 (29,411) Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interest (2,305) (2,298) (7)
Net income attributable to ordinary shareholders
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Revenue
For the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021, our revenue was comprised of the following items: Three Months Ended March 31, (In thousands) 2022 2021 Variance Leasing revenue$ 389,754 $ 350,038 $ 39,716 Income from loans 9,859 10,485 (626) Other income 8,386 6,974 1,412 Golf revenues 8,626 6,813 1,813 Total revenues$ 416,625 $ 374,310 $ 42,315 Leasing Revenue The following table details the components of our income from sales-type and financing receivables leases: Three Months Ended March 31, (In thousands) 2022 2021 Variance Income from sales-type leases$ 326,735
Income from lease financing receivables (1) 63,019 59,892 3,127 Total leasing revenue 389,754 350,038 39,716 Non-cash adjustment (2) (35,553) (27,877) (7,676) Total contractual leasing revenue$ 354,201 $ 322,161 $ 32,040
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(1) Represents theHarrah's Original Call Properties and the JACKCleveland /Thistledown Lease, both of which were sale leaseback transactions. In accordance with ASC 842, since the lease agreements were determined to meet the definition of a sales-type lease and control of the asset is not considered to have transferred to us, such lease agreements are accounted for as financings under ASC 310. (2) Amounts represent the non-cash adjustment to income from sales-type leases and lease financing receivables in order to recognize income on an effective interest basis at a constant rate of return over the term of the leases. Leasing revenue is generated from rent from our Lease Agreements. Total leasing revenue increased$39.7 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , compared to the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 . Total contractual leasing revenue increased$32.0 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , compared to the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 . The increase was primarily driven by the addition of the Venetian Lease to our portfolio in February of 2022 as well as the annual escalators from our Leases.
Loan income
Income from loans decreased$0.6 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , compared to the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 . The decrease was driven by repayment of the$70.0 million ROV term loan withJACK Entertainment inOctober 2021 , partially offset by the addition of the GreatWolf Mezzanine Loan to our real estate investment portfolio inJune 2021 .
Other income
Other income increased$1.4 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 compared to the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 , driven primarily by the additional income and offsetting expense as a result of the assumption of certain sub-leases in connection with the Venetian Acquisition. The Lease Agreements require the tenants to pay all costs associated with such ground and use sub-leases and provide for their direct payment to the landlord.
Golf revenue
Revenues from VICI's golf operations increased$1.8 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , compared to the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 . The change was primarily driven by an increase in rounds played at the golf courses and an increase in the contractual fees paid to us by Caesars for the use of our golf courses, pursuant to a golf course use agreement. 58 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Functionnary costs
For the three months ended
Three Months Ended March 31, (In thousands) 2022 2021 Variance General and administrative$ 9,466 $ 8,085 $ 1,381 Depreciation 776 792 (16) Other expenses 8,386 6,974 1,412 Golf expenses 5,285 4,506 779 Change in allowance for credit losses 80,820 (4,380) 85,200 Transaction and acquisition expenses 755 8,721 (7,966) Total operating expenses$ 105,488 $ 24,698 $ 80,790
General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses increased$1.4 million for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared to the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 . The increase was primarily driven by an increase in compensation, including stock-based compensation.
Other expenses
Other expenses increased$1.4 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 compared to the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 , driven primarily by the additional income and offsetting expense as a result of the assumption of certain sub-leases in connection with the Venetian Acquisition. The Lease Agreements require the tenants to pay all costs associated with such ground and use sub-leases and provide for their direct payment to the landlord.
Golf fees
Expenses from golf operations for VICI increased$0.8 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , compared to the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 . The change was primarily driven by an increase in rounds of golf played across our golf courses.
Change in allowance for credit losses
Under ASU No. 2016-13 - Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), we are required to record an estimated credit loss for our (i) Investments in leases - sales-type, (ii) Investments in leases - financing receivables and (iii) Investments in loans. During the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , we recognized a$80.8 million increase in our allowance for credit losses primarily driven by (i) the initial CECL allowance in relation to (a) the Venetian Acquisition and classification of the Venetian Lease as a sales-type lease, (b) the estimated future funding commitments under the Venetian PGFA and (c) the sales-type sub-lease agreements we assumed in connection with the Venetian Acquisition and are required to present gross and (ii) the increase in the reasonable and supportable period, or R&S Period, probability of default, or PD, of our tenants and their parent guarantors as a result of market volatility during the first quarter of 2022. This was partially offset by a decrease in the Long-Term Period PD as a result of a standard annual update made to the Long-Term PD default study we utilize to estimate our CECL allowance. During the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 , we recognized a$4.4 million decrease in our allowance for credit losses primarily driven by the decrease in the R&S Period PD of our tenants and their parent guarantors as a result of an improvement in their economic outlook due to the reopening of a majority of their gaming operations and relative performance of such operations during the first quarter of 2021.
Transaction and acquisition costs
Transaction and acquisition expenses decreased$8.0 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 compared to the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 . Changes in transaction and acquisition expenses are related to fluctuations in (i) costs incurred for investments during the period that are not capitalizable under GAAP and (ii) costs incurred for investments that we are no longer pursuing. 59 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Non-operating income and expenses
For the three months ended
(In thousands) 2022 2021 Variance Interest expense$ (68,142) $ (77,048) $ 8,906 Interest income 93 19 74 Interest Expense Interest expense decreased$8.9 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , as compared to the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 . The decrease during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 was primarily related to the full repayment of the Term Loan B Facility and termination of interest rate swap agreements inSeptember 2021 , partially offset by (i) the amortization of the commitment fees associated with the Venetian Acquisition Bridge Facility and the MGP Transactions Bridge Facility (ii) the commitment fees on the Revolving Credit Facility and Delayed Draw Term Loan and (iii) additional interest on the$600.0 million draw on the Revolving Credit Facility.
Additionally, the weighted average annualized interest rate on our debt decreased to 3.97% in the three months ended
compared to the
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RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP MEASURES
We present VICI's Funds From Operations ("FFO"), FFO per share, Adjusted Funds
From Operations ("AFFO"), AFFO per share, and Adjusted EBITDA, which are not
required by, or presented in accordance with, generally accepted accounting
principles in the United States ("GAAP"). These are non-GAAP financial measures
and should not be construed as alternatives to net income or as an indicator of
operating performance (as determined in accordance with GAAP). We believe FFO,
FFO per share, AFFO, AFFO per share and Adjusted EBITDA provide a meaningful
perspective of the underlying operating performance of VICI's business.
FFO is a non-GAAP financial measure that is considered a supplemental measure
for the real estate industry and a supplement to GAAP measures. Consistent with
the definition used by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts
(NAREIT), we define FFO as VICI's net income (or loss) attributable to common
stockholders (computed in accordance with GAAP) excluding (i) gains (or losses)
from sales of certain real estate assets, (ii) depreciation and amortization
related to real estate, (iii) gains and losses from change in control and (iv)
impairment write-downs of certain real estate assets and investments in entities
when the impairment is directly attributable to decreases in the value of
depreciable real estate held by the entity.
AFFO is a non-GAAP financial measure that we use as a supplemental operating
measure to evaluate VICI's performance. We calculate VICI's AFFO by adding or
subtracting from FFO non-cash leasing and financing adjustments, non-cash change
in allowance for credit losses, non-cash stock-based compensation expense,
transaction costs incurred in connection with the acquisition of real estate
investments, amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discount,
other non-cash interest expense, non-real estate depreciation (which is
comprised of the depreciation related to our golf course operations), capital
expenditures (which are comprised of additions to property, plant and equipment
related to our golf course operations), impairment charges related to
non-depreciable real estate, gains (or losses) on debt extinguishment and
interest rate swap settlements, other non-recurring non-cash transactions and
non-cash adjustments attributable to non-controlling interest with respect to
certain of the foregoing.
We calculate VICI’s adjusted EBITDA by adding or subtracting AFFO contractual interest expense and interest income (collectively, interest expense, net) and income tax expense.
These non-GAAP financial measures: (i) do not represent VICI's cash flow from
operations as defined by GAAP; (ii) should not be considered as an alternative
to VICI's net income as a measure of operating performance or to cash flows from
operating, investing and financing activities; and (iii) are not alternatives to
VICI's cash flow as a measure of liquidity. In addition, these measures should
not be viewed as measures of liquidity, nor do they measure our ability to fund
all of our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions to our
stockholders, to fund capital improvements, or to make interest payments on our
indebtedness. Investors are also cautioned that FFO, FFO per share, AFFO, AFFO
per share and Adjusted EBITDA, as presented, may not be comparable to similarly
titled measures reported by other real estate companies, including REITs, due to
the fact that not all real estate companies use the same definitions. Our
presentation of these measures does not replace the presentation of VICI's
financial results in accordance with GAAP.
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Reconciliation of VICI's Net Income to FFO, FFO per Share, AFFO, AFFO per Share
and Adjusted EBITDA
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except share data and per share data) 2022 2021
Net income attributable to common stockholders $ 240,383 $ 269,801
Real estate depreciation - -
FFO 240,383 269,801
Non-cash leasing and financing adjustments (35,564) (27,852)
Non-cash change in allowance for credit losses 80,820 (4,380)
Non-cash stock-based compensation 2,630 2,277
Transaction and acquisition expenses 755 8,721
Amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue
discount 15,977 6,691
Other depreciation 746 760
Capital expenditures (454) (1,233)
Non-cash adjustments attributable to non-controlling
interest 202 227
AFFO 305,495 255,012
Interest expense, net 52,072 70,338
Income tax expense 400 484
Adjusted EBITDA $ 357,967 $ 325,834
Net income per common share
Basic $ 0.35 $ 0.50
Diluted $ 0.35 $ 0.50
FFO per common share
Basic $ 0.35 $ 0.50
Diluted $ 0.35 $ 0.50
AFFO per common share
Basic $ 0.45 $ 0.48
Diluted $ 0.44 $ 0.47
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding
Basic 684,341,045 536,480,505
Diluted 687,914,683 544,801,802
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CASH AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity
From
(In thousands) March 31, 2022 Cash and cash equivalents$ 568,702
Capacity under the revolving credit facility (1) 1,900,000 Capacity under the deferred draw term loan (1)
1,000,000 Total$ 3,468,702 ____________________ (1)In addition, the Credit Facilities include the option to increase the revolving loan commitments by up to$1.0 billion and increase the Delayed Draw Term Loan commitments or add one or more new tranches of term loans by up to$1.0 billion in the aggregate, in each case, to the extent that any one or more lenders (from the syndicate or otherwise) agree to provide such additional credit extensions. We believe that we have sufficient liquidity to meet our material cash requirements, including our contractual obligations and commitments as well as our additional funding requirements, primarily through currently available cash and cash equivalents, cash received under our Lease Agreements, existing borrowings from banks, including our Delayed Draw Term Loan and undrawn capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility, and proceeds from future issuances of debt and equity securities (including issuances under our ATM Agreement) for the next 12 months and in future periods. All of the Lease Agreements call for an initial term of between fifteen and thirty years with additional tenant renewal options and are designed to provide us with a reliable and predictable long-term revenue stream. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted our tenants and their financial condition, and may continue to do so, due to the impact of operating restrictions and limitations imposed from time to time, as well as potential property reclosures. In the event our tenants are unable to make all of their contractual rent payments as provided by the Lease Agreements, we believe we have sufficient liquidity from the other sources discussed above to meet all of our contractual obligations for a significant period of time. Additionally, we do not have any debt maturities until 2025. For more information, refer to the risk factors incorporated by reference into Part II. Item 1A. Risk Factors herein from our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 . Our cash flows from operations and our ability to access capital resources could be adversely affected due to uncertain economic factors and volatility in the financial and credit markets, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on our tenants' operations and financial performance, we can provide no assurances that our tenants will not default on their leases or fail to make full rental payments if their businesses become challenged due to, among other things, current or future adverse economic conditions. In addition, any such tenant default or failure to make full rental payments could impact our operating performance and result in us not satisfying the financial covenants applicable to our outstanding indebtedness, which could result in us not being able to incur additional debt, or result in a default. Further, current or future economic conditions could impact our tenants' ability to meet capital improvement requirements or other obligations required in our Lease Agreements that could result in a decrease in the value of our properties. Our ability to raise funds through the issuance of debt and equity securities and access to other third-party sources of capital in the future will be dependent on, among other things, uncertainties related to COVID-19 and the impact of our response and our tenants' responses to COVID-19, general economic conditions, general market conditions for REITs, market perceptions and the trading price of our stock. We will continue to analyze which sources of capital are most advantageous to us at any particular point in time, but the capital markets may not be consistently available on terms we deem attractive, or at all. 63 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table of Contents Material Cash Requirements Contractual Obligations Our short-term obligations consist primarily of regular interest payments on our debt obligations, dividends to our common stockholders, normal recurring operating expenses, recurring expenditures for corporate and administrative needs, certain lease and other contractual commitments related to our golf operations and certain non-recurring expenditures. For more information on our material contractual commitments refer to Note 10 - Commitments and Contingent Liabilities . Our long-term obligations consist primarily of principal payments on our outstanding debt obligations and future funding commitments under our lease and loan agreements. As ofMarch 31, 2022 , we have$5.4 billion of debt obligations outstanding, none of which are maturing in the next twelve months. For a summary of principal debt balances and their maturity dates and principal terms, refer to Note 7 - Debt . For a summary of our future funding commitments under our loan portfolio, refer to Note 4 - Real Estate Portfolio . As described in our leases, capital expenditures for properties under the Lease Agreements are the responsibility of the tenants. Minimum capital expenditure spending requirements of the tenants pursuant to the Lease Agreements are described in Note 4 - Real Estate Portfolio . Information concerning our material contractual obligations and commitments to make future payments under contracts such as our indebtedness and future minimum lease commitments under operating leases is included in the following table as ofMarch 31, 2022 . Amounts in this table omit, among other things, non-contractual commitments and items such as dividends and recurring or non-recurring operating expenses and other expenditures, including acquisitions and other investments. Payments Due By Period 2026 and (In thousands) Total 2022 (remaining) 2023 2024 2025 Thereafter
Long-term debt, capital
November 2019 Notes(1)
2026 Maturity $ 1,250,000 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 1,250,000
2029 Maturity 1,000,000 - - - - 1,000,000
February 2020 Notes(1)
2025 Maturity 750,000 - - - 750,000 -
2027 Maturity 750,000 - - - - 750,000
2030 Maturity 1,000,000 - - - - 1,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility
(2) 600,000 - - - - 600,000
Scheduled interest payments (3) 1,324,114 163,822 218,753 219,080 205,889 516,570
Total debt contractual obligations 6,674,114 163,822 218,753 219,080 955,889
5,116,570
Leases and contracts
Future funding commitments -
loan investments and lease
agreements(4) 45,327 30,327 - - - 15,000
Operating lease for Cascata
Golf Course Land 18,579 714 970 990 1,009 14,895
Golf maintenance contract
for Rio Secco and Cascata
Golf Course 6,043 2,590 3,453 - - -
Office leases 7,489 697 857 857 899 4,179
Total leases and contract obligations 77,438 34,327 5,280 1,847 1,908 34,075
Total contractual commitments $ 6,751,552 $ 198,149 $ 224,034 $ 220,927 $ 957,797 $ 5,150,645
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(1) The 2025 Notes, 2026 Notes, 2027 Notes, 2029 Notes and 2030 Notes will mature onFebruary 15, 2025 ,December 1, 2026 ,February 15, 2027 ,December 1, 2029 andAugust 15, 2030 , respectively. (2) OnFebruary 8, 2022 , we entered into the Credit Agreement providing for the Credit Facilities, comprised of the Revolving Credit Facility in the amount of$2.5 billion and the Delayed Draw Term Loan in the amount of$1.0 billion , and concurrently terminated our Secured Revolving Credit Facility (including the first priority lien on substantially all of VICI PropCo's and its existing and subsequently acquired wholly owned material domestic restricted subsidiaries' material assets) and 2017 Credit Agreement. Refer to Note 7 - Debt for further information regarding the Credit Agreement. (3) Subsequent to quarter end, onApril 29, 2022 , in connection with the closing of the MGP Transactions, we issued theApril 2022 Notes, the Exchange Notes and assumed the MGP OP Notes, each as further described in Note 7 - Debt . TheApril 2022 Notes, Exchange Notes and MGP OP Notes all provide for fixed interest rates and will add approximately$456.3 million in annual interest expense. (4) The allocation of our future funding commitments is based on the construction draw schedule, commitment funding date or expiration date, as applicable, however we may be obligated to fund these commitments earlier than such date.
Additional funding needs
In addition to the contractual obligations and commitments set forth in the table above, we have and may enter into additional agreements that commit us to potentially acquire properties in the future, fund future property improvements or otherwise provide capital to our tenants, borrowers and other counterparties, including through our put-call agreements andPartner Property Growth Fund .
Cash flow analysis
The table below summarizes our cash flows for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021: Three Months Ended March 31, (In thousands) 2022 2021 Variance
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Provided by operating activities$ 298,173 $ 155,726 $ 142,447 (Used in) provided by investing activities (4,028,245) 32,409 (4,060,654) Provided by (used in) financing activities 3,559,160 (181,598) 3,740,758 Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (170,912) 6,537 (177,449) Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 739,614 315,993 423,621 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period$ 568,702 $ 322,530 $ 246,172
Cash flow from operating activities
Net cash provided by operating activities increased$142.4 million for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 compared with the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 . The increase is primarily driven by an increase in cash rental from the addition of the Venetian Lease to our real estate portfolio inFebruary 2022 and the annual escalators on our Lease Agreements.
Cash flow from investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities increased
In the three months ended
• Payments for the acquisition of Venetian for a total cost of
• Payments to fund part of the Greater
In the three months ended
• Product of net maturities of short-term investments of
• Proceeds from the partial repayment of the amended and restated ROV loan of
• Final payment for the financing of a new gaming terrace at the JACK Thistledown Racino in
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Cash flow from financing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities increased$3,740.8 million for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , compared with the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 .
In the three months ended
•Net proceeds from the sale of an aggregate of$3,219.1 million of our common stock pursuant to the full physical settlement of theSeptember 2021 Forward Sale Agreements andMarch 2021 Forward Sale Agreements;
• Initial draw of
• Dividend payments of
• Debt issue costs of
• Purchase of shares for withholding tax as part of the acquisition of stock-based compensation for employees of
•Distribution of
In the three months ended
• Dividend payments of
•Distribution of
• Purchase of shares for withholding tax as part of the acquisition of stock-based compensation for employees of
Debt
For a summary of our debt obligations at
Covenants Our debt obligations are subject to certain customary financial and protective covenants that restrict our ability to incur additional debt, sell certain asset and restrict certain payments, among other things. In addition, these covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications, including, with respect to the restricted payments covenant, the ability to make unlimited restricted payments to maintain our REIT status. AtMarch 31, 2022 , we were in compliance with all debt-related covenants.
Distributor policy
We intend to make regular quarterly distributions to holders of shares of our common stock. Dividends declared (on a per share basis) during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Declaration Date Record Date Payment Date Period Dividend January 1, 2022 - March 31, March 10, 2022 March 24, 2022 April 7, 2022 2022$ 0.3600 Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Declaration Date Record Date Payment Date Period Dividend January 1, 2021 - March 31, March 11, 2021 March 25, 2021 April 8, 2021 2021$ 0.3300 Federal income tax law requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income (with certain adjustments), determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gains, and that it pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and including any net capital gains. In addition, a REIT will be required to pay a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which the distributions it makes in a calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of its ordinary income, 95% of its capital gain net income and 100% of its undistributed income from prior years. 66 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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We intend to continue to make distributions to our stockholders to comply with the REIT requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), and to avoid or otherwise minimize paying entity level federal income or excise tax (other than at any TRS of ours). We may generate taxable income greater than our income for financial reporting purposes prepared in accordance with GAAP. Further, we may generate REIT taxable income greater than our cash flow from operations after operating expenses and debt service as a result of differences in timing between the recognition of REIT taxable income and the actual receipt of cash or the effect of nondeductible capital expenditures, the creation of reserves or required debt or amortization payments.
Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates
A complete discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates is included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 202 1 and VICI LP's Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included as an exhibit to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 18 , 2022 . There have been no significant changes in our critical policies and estimates for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 .
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